Internet y telefonía móvil en la prevención del consumo de drogas en adolescentes: Revisión sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32776/saludybienestarsoc.v2i2.49Palabras clave:
Internet, Mobile Phone, Prevention, Drugs, Consumption, AdolescentsResumen
El consumo de drogas psicoactivas se asocia con la pérdida de 28 millones de años de vida sana. En México la demanda entre adolescentes se incrementó al doble en los últimos cinco años. Es de vital importancia evitar que los jóvenes se inicien en el consumo de drogas, o bien, retrasar la edad de inicio para el consumo de drogas legales. Las acciones de prevención deben estar ajustadas a las prácticas culturales de los adolescentes, por lo que una alternativa son las Intervenciones de Prevención Basadas en las Tecnologías de Comunicación (IPBTC) ya que ofrecen ventajas como bajo costo, anonimato de los participantes, además de facilitar el reclutamiento y el monitoreo de la conducta. Con base en lo anterior se realizó una revisión sistemática para dar respuesta a las preguntas: ¿cuáles son las características de las IPBTC mediante el uso de ordenadores (Intervenciones por ordenador IO) y telefonía móvil (Intervenciones por telefonía móvil ITM)? y sí; ¿han sido efectivas para prevenir y/o disminuir el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas en adolescentes escolarizados? En este sentido, se evaluaron 21 estudios realizados en diversos países y los resultados en general muestran efectividad en la reducción de la frecuencia y cantidad de consumo de alcohol y otras drogas. Palabras clave: Internet, Teléfono Celular, Abuso de Drogas, Adolescentes, Revisión
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